Betula friesii var. oxyodontia Kindb. variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. czerepanovii (N.I.Orlova) Hämet-Ahti variety synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. carpatica (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Asch. & Graebn. subspecies synonym

Betula carpatica f. duplicatoserrata Kindb. form synonym

Betula laciniata Blom species heterotypic synonym

Betula acuminata Kindb. species heterotypic synonym

Betula alba var. rhombifolia (Tausch) Regel variety synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. glutinosa (Trautv. ex Regel) Berher subspecies synonym

Betula alba var. torfacea Custor variety synonym

Betula tricholepidea subsp. stenoptera Kindb. subspecies synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. rhombifolia (Tausch) Printz subspecies synonym

Betula pubescens var. litwinowii (Doluch.) Ashburner & McAll. variety accepted

Betula pubescens subsp. ovalifolia (Sukaczev) Printz subspecies synonym

Betula alba var. hornemannii Regel variety synonym

Betula laciniata Thunb. species heterotypic synonym

Betula pubescens var. carpatica (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) W.D.J.Koch variety synonym

Betula ovata K.Koch species heterotypic synonym

Betula subalpina Larss. species synonym

Betula macrostachya Schrad. species homotypic synonym

Betula friesii var. subalpina Larss. variety homotypic synonym

Betula affinis Lindeb. species synonym

Betula alba var. pumila Zanoni ex Murray variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. sibakademica (Baran.) Kuzen. variety synonym

Betula sibakademica Baran. species synonym

Betula alba var. pumila Zanoni variety homotypic synonym

Betula alba var. fragilis Lilj. variety synonym

Betula alba nothovar. kusmisscheffii Regel variety synonym

Betula alba var. communis Hartm. variety heterotypic synonym

Betula alba subsp. parvifolia Regel subspecies synonym

Betula pubescens nothovar. kusmisscheffii (Regel) Gürke variety accepted

Betula odorata var. borealis Lindeb. variety synonym

Betula odorata var. alpicola Lindeb. variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. obscura Andersson variety synonym

Betula odorata var. obscura Andersson variety synonym

Betula carpatica Waldst. & Kit. species homotypic synonym

Betula pubescens var. nigricans (Wender.) Nyman variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. tortuosa (Ledeb.) Koehne variety synonym

Betula friesii var. subalpina Larss. ex Kindb. variety synonym

Betula alba var. glutinosa Trautv. ex Regel variety synonym

Betula callosa Notø ex Lindq. species synonym

Betula glutinosa Wallr. species heterotypic synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. borealis (Spach) Á.Löve & D.Löve subspecies synonym

Betula microdontia Kindb. species synonym

Betula megaloptera Kindb. species synonym

Betula pubescens var. alpestris H.J.P.Winkl. variety accepted

Betula platyodontia Kindb. species synonym

Betula tricholepidea Kindb. species synonym

Betula browicziana Güner species synonym

Betula alba var. parvifolia (Regel) Regel variety synonym

Betula tortuosa var. pubescens Regel variety synonym

Betula pubescens f. pendula-nana Schelle form synonym

Betula pubescens f. pendula Schelle form synonym

Betula lenta Du Roi species heterotypic synonym

Betula pubescens var. pontica (Watson) Bean variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. borealis (Spach) Á.Löve & D.Löve variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. pubescens variety accepted

Betula alba subsp. carpatica (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Regel subspecies synonym

Betula alba subsp. asplenifolia Regel subspecies synonym

Betula pubescens var. odorata (Bechst.) Juel, Cedergr. & Örtendahl variety synonym

Betula alba subsp. rhombifolia (Tausch) Regel subspecies synonym

Betula alba subsp. ledebourii Regel subspecies synonym

Betula alba subsp. pendula (Roth) Regel subspecies proparte synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. arpatica (Willid.) Asch. & Graebner subspecies synonym

Betula tortuosa var. kusmisscheffii (Regel) Regel variety synonym

Betula alba var. glutinosa Trautv. variety homotypic synonym

Betula coriifolia Tausch species homotypic synonym

Betula odorata subsp. integrifolia Larss. subspecies homotypic synonym

Betula pulchella Lindeb. species synonym

Betula ambigua Hampe species homotypic synonym

Betula nemorosa Laest. species synonym

Betula alba subsp. glutinosa (Trautv. ex Regel) Holub subspecies synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. nigricans Maire subspecies homotypic synonym

Betula hackelii Opiz species homotypic synonym

Betula pubescens var. glabra Fiek variety homotypic synonym

Betula caucasica Litv. species homotypic synonym

Betula lazistanica Browicz species synonym

Betula alba var. vulgaris Aiton variety heterotypic synonym

Betula odorata f. incisa Kindb. form synonym

Betula odorata subsp. integrifolia Larss. ex Kindb. subspecies synonym

Betula pubescens var. murithii (Gaudin ex Regel) Gremli variety synonym

Betula pubescens f. urticifolia (Loudon) Schelle form synonym

Betula pubescens var. fragrans Ashburner & McAll. variety accepted

Betula alba var. urticifolia Loudon variety synonym

Betula alba var. frutescens Wallr. variety synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. carpatica (Willd.) Simonk. subspecies synonym

Betula ×kusmisscheffii (Regel) Sukaczev species synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. pubescens subspecies accepted

Betula pubescens subsp. callosa (Notø) Á.Löve & D.Löve subspecies synonym

Betula friesii Larss. ex Hartm. species synonym

Betula alba var. typica Trautv. variety synonym

Betula odorata var. alpigena Blytt variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. oblongifolia Wimm. & Grab. variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. lucida (Courtois) Wesm. variety synonym

Betula nigricans Wender. species synonym

Betula krylovii G.V.Krylov species synonym

Betula glabra Dumort. species synonym

Betula alba var. ovata Neilr. variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. cryptocarpa Laest. variety synonym

Betula alba var. friesii Regel variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. silvatica Laest. variety synonym

Betula tomentosa Reitter & Abeleven species synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. subarctica (Orlova) Á.Löve & D.Löve subspecies synonym

Betula hackelii Opiz ex Steud. species synonym

Betula canadensis K.Koch species synonym

Betula pubescens var. glabra Fiek ex C.K.Schneid. variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. ovalifolia Sukaczev variety synonym

Betula sokolowii Regel species synonym

Betula torfacea (Custor) Schleich. species synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. suecica Gunnarsson subspecies synonym

Betula rotundata Beck species synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. concinna (Gunnarsson) Á.Löve & D.Löve subspecies synonym

Betula dalecarlica L.f. species synonym

Betula alba L. species synonym

Betula pubescens f. columnaris T.Ulvinen form synonym

Betula ambigua Hampe ex Rchb. species synonym

Betula subarctica var. pojarkovae Tzvelev variety synonym

Betula aurea Steud. species synonym

Betula andreji V.N.Vassil. species synonym

Betula pubescens var. silvestris Laest. variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. friesii (Larss. ex Hartm.) Nyman variety synonym

Betula subarctica Orlova species synonym

Betula major Gilib. species synonym

Betula glauca Wender. species synonym

Betula pubescens var. subaequalis Laest. variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. megalocarpa Laest. variety synonym

Betula asplenifolia Regel species synonym

Betula alba var. lupulina Wallr. variety synonym

Betula coriifolia Tausch ex Regel species synonym

Betula pubescens f. hibernifolia T.Ulvinen form synonym

Betula macrostachya Schrad. ex Regel species synonym

Betula populifolia Aiton species heterotypic synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. nigricans Maire ex Just subspecies synonym

Betula concinna Gunnarsson species synonym

Betula pubescens var. appressa Kallio & Y.Mäkinen variety synonym

Betula pubescens f. rubra T.Ulvinen form synonym

Betula pubescens var. rustica Laest. variety synonym

Betula sajanensis V.N.Vassil. species synonym

Betula alba f. hornemannii (Regel) Regel form synonym

Betula pubescens var. vestita Gren. & Godr. variety synonym

Betula callosa Notø species synonym

Betula pubescens var. media Laest. variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. subalpina Laest. variety synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. murithii (Gaudin ex Regel) Nyman subspecies synonym

Betula pontica Loudon species synonym

Betula virgata Salisb. species synonym

Betula jacutica V.N.Vassil. species synonym

Betula lucida Courtois species synonym

Betula baicalia V.N.Vassil. species synonym

Betula broccembergensis Bechst. species synonym

Betula pubescens var. palmiformis Laest. variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. golitsinii (V.N.Vassil.) Tzvelev variety accepted

Betula golitsinii V.N.Vassil. species synonym

Betula pubescens var. glabrata Wahlenb. variety synonym

Betula odorata Bechst. species synonym

Betula pubescens var. carpatica (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Wimm. & Grab. variety synonym

Betula alba subsp. odorata (Bechst.) Dippel subspecies synonym

Betula pubescens var. glutinosa (Trautv. ex Regel) Nyman variety synonym

Betula alba var. pontica P.Watson variety synonym

Betula carpatica Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. species synonym

Betula murithii Gaudin ex Regel species synonym

Betula borysthenica Klokov species synonym

Betula stenocarpa Kindb. species synonym

Betula carpatica var. hercynica Rchb. variety synonym

Betula alba var. glabrata (Wahlenb.) Muñoz Garm. & Pedrol variety synonym

Betula subodorata Kindb. species synonym

Betula alba var. carpatica (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Regel variety synonym

Betula coriacea Gunnarsson species heterotypic synonym

Betula pubescens var. denudata Gren. & Godr. variety synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. odorata (Bechst.) E.F.Warb. subspecies synonym

Betula pubescens var. pumila (Zanoni ex Murray) Govaerts variety accepted

Betula tortuosa var. genuina Regel variety synonym

Betula czerepanovii var. nasarovii Tzvelev variety synonym

Betula tortuosa Ledeb. species synonym

Betula czerepanovii N.I.Orlova species synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. tortuosa (Ledeb.) Nyman subspecies synonym

Betula alba subsp. tortuosa (Ledeb.) Regel subspecies synonym

Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii (N.I.Orlova) Hämet-Ahti subspecies synonym

Betula pubescens var. tiliifolia Laest. variety synonym

Betula odorata var. tortuosa (Ledeb.) Rosenv. variety synonym

Betula pubescens var. rhombifolia (Tausch) Sukaczev variety synonym

Betula rhombifolia Tausch species synonym

Betula ×aurata var. rhombifolia (Tausch) Tzvelev variety synonym

Betula alba f. rhombifolia (Tausch) Regel form synonym

Betula pumila var. borealis (Spach) Regel variety synonym

Betula borealis Spach species synonym

Betula litwinowii Doluch. species synonym

Betula transcaucasica V.N.Vassil. species synonym

Betula litwinowii var. recurvata I.V.Vassil. variety synonym

Betula caucasica Litv. ex Leskov species synonym

Betula recurvata (I.V.Vassil.) V.N.Vassil. species synonym

Betula urticifolia (Loudon) Regel species synonym